When Scaffolding is Needed The very short answer is: when a risk assessment outlines it is necessary! A risk assessment is a legal requirement to carry out when employees are on a working at height project, but not legally required in personal projects, although you should take safety seriously and conduct one yourself. For all scaffolds not otherwise specified in paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (g)(1)(vi) of this section, each employee shall be protected by the use of personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting the requirements of paragraph (g)(4) of this section. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)]. Unstable objects shall not be used as working platforms. WebEach scaffold and scaffold component must support without failure its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. The independent support lines shall be equal in number and strength to the suspension ropes. Exception to paragraph (b)(1): The requirement in paragraph (b)(1) to provide full planking or decking does not apply to platforms used solely as walkways or solely by employees performing scaffold erection or dismantling. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(8)], The standard prohibits the use of crossbraces as a means of access. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the hoisting rope. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall bear on base plates and mud sills or other adequate firm foundation. The training must include fall hazards, falling object hazards, electrical hazards, proper use of the scaffold, and handling of materials. Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer's recommendations or at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height and be repeated vertically at locations of horizontal members every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds 3 feet (0.91 m) wide or less, and every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds greater than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result First, it's important to note that there are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor. The ends of stairrail systems and handrails shall be constructed so that they do not constitute a projection hazard. Steps and rungs of ladder and stairway type access shall line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. Must have a rung length of at least 8 inches. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work Ropes shall be replaced if any of the following conditions exist: Any physical damage which impairs the function and strength of the rope. Where swinging loads are being hoisted onto or near scaffolds such that the loads might contact the scaffold, tag lines or equivalent measures to control the loads shall be used. The space must not exceed 9 inches (24.1 cm) when side brackets or odd-shaped structures result in a wider opening between the platform and the uprights. 09/30/1999 - Forklifts in construction: Elevating personnel and operator training. WebA scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap shall occur only over supports, and shall not be less than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platforms are nailed together or otherwise restrained to prevent movement. Must be specifically designed for the type of scaffold with which they are used. Construction materials such as, but not limited to, masonry units and rolls of roofing felt, shall not be used as counterweights. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(6)], Employers must provide fall protection for each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level. Guardrail systems are explained below in another question. Scaffolds shall be designed by a qualified person and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. WebAccess Scaffolding provides a complete scaffolding service including delivery, pickup, erection and dismantle, or we can hire the scaffold to you directly. What are the footing and foundation requirements for supported scaffolds? [29 CFR 1926.450(b)] The structural members: poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Each end of a platform 10 feet or less in length shall not extend over its support more than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platform is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees and/or materials without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. The toprail of each stairrail system shall also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be inspected for visible defects by a competent person before each work shift, and after any occurrence which could affect a scaffold's structural integrity. However, where the employer can demonstrate that it is not possible to place an outrigger beam perpendicular to the face of the building or structure because of obstructions that cannot be moved, the outrigger beam may be placed at some other angle, provided opposing angle tiebacks are used. Mobile Some [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)], Employers must replace wire rope when the following conditions exist: kinks; six randomly broken wires in one rope lay or three broken wires in one strand in one lay; one third of the original diameter of the outside wires is lost; heat damage; evidence that the secondary brake has engaged the rope; and any other physical damage that impairs the function and strength of the rope. Non-uniform rung spacing caused by joining end frames together is allowed, provided the resulting spacing does not exceed 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). [, A competent person must evaluate all direct connections prior to use to confirm that the supporting surfaces are able to support the imposed load. Stairways must be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. Single tiebacks installed at an angle are prohibited. Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. High Quality Steel Are there specific requirements for outrigger beams? Swaged attachments or spliced eyes on wire suspension ropes shall not be used unless they are made by the wire rope manufacturer or a qualified person. To ensure stability for fall protection, scaffolds can be supported by: legs, Each stairway must be at least 18 inches between stair rails. [, A competent person must inspect ropes for defects prior to each workshift and after every occurrence that could affect a rope's integrity. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. WebAccess points may be designed for access or be opportunistic. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(11)], Power-operated hoists used to raise or lower a suspended scaffold must be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. What are the requirements for scaffold planking? WebRequirements for Scaffolding Tower Use of Safety Harness Safe place and Safe person strategy You can read regulation of Trakhees, in detail. Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4), (a)(5) and (g) of this section, each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. Scaffolds (Staging). Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system, not for each flight of stairs. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(4)(i)], Steel or plastic banding must not be used as a toprail or a midrail. How will I know what kind of fall protection to provide for a specific-type of scaffold? Must have a slope of no more than 1 vertical to 3 horizontal degrees (20 degrees above the horizontal). [, When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on single-point or two-point adjustable scaffolds, the scaffold must have additional independent support lines equal in number and strength to the suspension lines and have automatic locking devices. WebIndependent Scaffolds Made to order specialist access requirements Tank Scaffolds Span Deck Walkways Mobiles Temporary Fencing Power Climber Swinging Stages Modular Swinging Stages Astro Winches (air and electric) Building Maintenance Units Genie Scissor & Boom Lifts, AWP30, Material Lifters Material Lifts Superlift Genie Lifts Boom Lifts The following equipment is often required for scaffolding fall protection: Full-Body Harness This is a support device consisting of connected straps that are designed to distribute the force from a fall. Where scaffolds must be used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that platforms and walkways cannot be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, such platforms and walkways shall be as wide as feasible, and employees on those platforms and walkways shall be protected from fall hazards by the use of guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems. Heat damage caused by a torch or any damage caused by contact with electrical wires. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(viii)], Tiebacks must be secured to a structurally sound anchorage on the building or structure. An active welding rod or uninsulated welding lead shall not be allowed to contact the scaffold or its suspension system. When other types of hoists are used, the suspension ropes shall be long enough to allow the scaffold to be lowered to the level below without the rope end passing through the hoist, or the rope end shall be configured or provided with means to prevent the end from passing through the hoist. Toeboards shall be securely fastened in place at the outermost edge of the platform and have not more than 1/4 inch (0.7 cm) clearance above the walking/working surface. A safe point of access should be present during erection and dismantling operations. Flowable material, such as sand or water, cannot be used. NY Scaffold is the leading specialty Scaffold Erector Company covering the whole of the US. When used on a supported scaffold more than 35 feet high, must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals. WebA mobile scaffold can only be built to a maximum height of 12 metres. ABOUT US. [29 CFR 1926.450(b)], Gasoline power-operated hoists or equipment are not permitted. When the loads specified in paragraph (g)(4)(vii) of this section are applied in a downward direction, the top edge shall not drop below the height above the platform surface that is prescribed in paragraph (g)(4)(ii) of this section. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(ii)], Counterweights must be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams. WebIntegral prefabricated scaffold access frames must be designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs, and cannot be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11.5 inches in Wind screens shall not be used unless the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed. Wire suspension ropes shall not be joined together except through the use of eye splice thimbles connected with shackles or coverplates and bolts. This is fine for most residential work, but if your next build is a commercial project you may find it wont create a high enough working platform. WebAccess: Scaffolds must have an acceptable form of access (e.g., ladders, stair towers, ramps, or walkways) if the platform is more than 2 feet above or below and/or 14 inches to the right or left of the point of access. Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches. Stilts may be used on a large area scaffold. Wood platforms shall not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification. [29 CFR 1926.451 (a) (1)] Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. [. In addition to meeting the requirements of 1926.502(d), personal fall arrest systems used on scaffolds shall be attached by lanyard to a vertical lifeline, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(14) and 29 CFR 1926.451(f)(15)], Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Must have a minimum rung length of 11 inches, and a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. [. All suspension scaffold support devices, such as outrigger beams, cornice hooks, parapet clamps, and similar devices, shall rest on surfaces capable of supporting at least 4 times the load imposed on them by the scaffold operating at the rated load of the hoist (or at least 1.5 times the load imposed on them by the scaffold at the stall capacity of the hoist, whichever is greater). Two tie-backs installed at opposing angles are required when a perpendicular tieback cannot be installed. Each end of a platform, unless cleated or otherwise restrained by hooks or equivalent means, shall extend over the centerline of its support at least 6 inches (15 cm). [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)], Solid sawn wood, fabricated planks, and fabricated platforms may be used as scaffold planks following the recommendations by the manufacturer or a lumber grading association or inspection agency. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(3)], All employees must be trained by a qualified person to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and how to control or minimize those hazards. Are there requirements for suspension ropes? When are both fall-arrest and guardrail systems required? Treads and landings shall have slip-resistant surfaces. Kinks that might impair the tracking or wrapping of rope around the drum(s) or sheave(s). COF employees receive annual training Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with paragraph (a) of this section. Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. The top edge height on supported scaffolds manufactured and placed in service before January 1, 2000, and on all suspended scaffolds where both a guardrail and a personal fall arrest system are required shall be between 36 inches (0.9 m) and 45 inches (1.2 m). When a guardrail system is used, the guardrail height must be increased in height equal to the height of the stilts. c) Added guidance for assessing base soil conditions. Evidence that the secondary brake has been activated during an overspeed condition and has engaged the suspension rope. This standard requires the scaffold to resist tipping against two times or more the load exerted on it when a worker accesses, uses, or exits it. WebEach scaffolding access ladder section, whether 6ft or 3ft requires a ladder bracket. Capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 50 pounds (222 n) applied in any downward or horizontal direction at any point along the toeboard (toeboards built in accordance with Appendix A to this subpart will be deemed to meet this requirement); and. Counterweights shall be made of non-flowable material. Fall arrest systems should protect these employees. A stairrail consisting of a toprail and a midrail shall be provided on each side of each scaffold stairway. Guardrail systems installed to meet the requirements of this section shall comply with the following provisions (guardrail systems built in accordance with Appendix A to this subpart will be deemed to meet the requirements of paragraphs (g)(4)(vii), (viii), and (ix) of this section): Guardrail systems shall be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms. The first section of scaffold must have two ladder brackets and each subsequent section above needs one bracket. Have a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). Abrasion, corrosion, scrubbing, flattening or peening causing loss of more than one-third of the original diameter of the outside wires. The use of shore or lean-to scaffolds is prohibited. each suspension rope and any other independent lines are insulated from grounding. Be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; Be provided with rest platforms at 12 foot (3.7 m) maximum vertical intervals; Have a minimum step width of 16 inches (41 cm), except that mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders shall have a minimum step width of 11 1/2 inches (30 cm); and. Stairrails shall be not less than 28 inches (71 cm) nor more than 37 inches (94 cm) from the upper surface of the stairrail to the surface of the tread, in line with the face of the riser at the forward edge of the tread. [, Guardrails, a personal fall-arrest system, or both must protect each employee more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level from falling. Wondering about scaffold guardrail height requirements? A. Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on non-adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope. Can sand, masonry units, or rolls of roofing felt be used for counterweights? Either the manufacturers' recommendation or the following placements must be used for guys, ties, and braces: Supported scaffolds' poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights must bear on base plates and mud sills, or other adequate firm foundation. Scaffolding Legal Requirements of DMCC (Dubai Multi Commodities Centre)-Dubai-UAE What protections from overhead falling objects do the standards provide? 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